Abstracting and Indexing

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Introduction: Azygos vein aneurysms (AVAs) are exceptionally rare vascular anomalies, often discovered incidentally during imaging for unrelated conditions. Due to their rarity, there is no consensus on standardized management. The decision between conservative and surgical treatment remains a matter of debate.

Methods: We report the case of a 52-year-old female who presented with a chronic cough and underwent imaging as part of the diagnostic workup. Incidentally, a large azygos vein aneurysm was identified. Following multidisciplinary team discussions and risk-benefit assessment, a minimally invasive thoracoscopic resection was planned.

Results: The patient underwent successful thoracoscopic excision of the aneurysm without complications. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and she remained symptom-free at one-year follow-up.

Conclusion: This case highlights the feasibility and safety of minimally invasive surgical resection for large AVAs in carefully selected patients. It underscores the importance of individualized, multidisciplinary decision-making in the management of such rare vascular anomalies.